Wednesday, October 26, 2011

hiMdu scripture

┌➤shRuti (Primary scriptures)
├──➤ vEda
├─────➤ saMhita (shlOkas)
├───────➤ rig
├───────➤ yajur
├───────➤ sAma
├───────➤ atharva

├─────➤ brAhmaNa (explanation of saMhita + prayOga)
├───────➤ aitarEya (rig)
├───────➤ kaushItiki (rig)
├───────➤ taittirIya (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ shatapatha (shukla yajur)
├───────➤ panchaviMsha (sAma)
├───────➤ shadviMsha (sAma)
├───────➤ samAvidhAna (sAma)
├───────➤ aarshEya (sAma)
├───────➤ maMtra (sAma)
├───────➤ dEvatAdhyaya (sAma)
├───────➤ vaMsa (sAma)
├───────➤ jaimineeya (sAma)
├───────➤ gOpatha (atharva)

├─────➤ araNyaka (philosophical interpretation of brAhmaNa)
├───────➤ aitarEya (rig)
├───────➤ sAMkhyAyana (rig)
├───────➤ taittirIya (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ bRuhadAranyaka (shukla yajur)

├─────➤ upaniShad (essence/knowledge of the vEda)
├───────➤ aitarEya (rig)
├───────➤ kaushItiki (rig)
├───────➤ bhAshkala (rig)
├───────➤ mahAnArAyaNa (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ mitrAyani (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ katakha (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ shvEtashvEtara (kRuShNa yajur)
├───────➤ IsAvAsya (shukla yajur)
├───────➤ bRuhadAraNyaka (shukla yajur)
├───────➤ chAndOgya (sAma)
├───────➤ kEna (sAma)
├───────➤ prashNa (atharva)
├───────➤ muMDaka (atharva)
├───────➤ mAMDUkya (atharva)

├──➤ vEdAMga
├─────➤ shikSha [of pANini] (Phonetics)
├─────➤ vyAkaraNa [of pANini] (Grammar)
├─────➤ ChaMdas [of piMgaLAcArya] (Metre)
├─────➤ nirukta [of yAska] (Etymology)
├─────➤ jyOtiSha [of gArga] (Astronomy/Astrology)
├─────➤ kalpas (prayOga or Ritual)
├───────➤ shrauta (Ritual of sacrifices)
├───────➤ gRuhya (Concerning domestic life)
├───────➤ dharma (Ethics and moral code)
├───────➤ shulbha (Geometry/measurements pertaining to sacrifices)


├➤smRuti (Secondary scriptures dealing with moral code)
├──➤ dharma shAstras (18 in all, but chiefly)
├─────➤  Manu (satya yuga)
├─────➤  Yajnavalkya (trEtA yuga)
├─────➤  Sankha and Likhita (dvApara Yuga)
├─────➤  Parasara (kali Yuga)


├➤ itihAsa (Treatises)
├──➤ rAmAyaNa
├──➤ yOgAvasiShTha
├──➤ mahAbhArata
├──➤ harivaMSa kAvya


├➤ purANa
├──➤ viShNu purANa
├──➤ nArada purANa
├──➤ bhAgavata purANa
├──➤ garuDa purANa
├──➤ padma purANa
├──➤ varAha purANa
├──➤ brahma purANa
├──➤ brahmAMDa purANa
├──➤ brahma vaivarta purANa
├──➤ mArkAMDEya purANa
├──➤ bhavishya purANa
├──➤ vAmana purANa
├──➤ matsya purANa
├──➤ kUrma purANa
├──➤ liMga purANa
├──➤ shiva purANa
├──➤ skAMda purANa
├──➤ agni purANa

│ Each puraNa dealing with:
├─┐
│   ├─ sarga (Creation of fundamental elements - primary creation)
│   ├─ pratisarga (Creation of variety - secondary creation)
│   ├─ Manvantara* (terms of Manus)
│   ├─ vaMSa (Solar and Lunar dynasties)
│   ├─ vaMSAnucarita (Biographies),

│  6 purANas dedicated to viShNu (sAttvika),
│  6 to brahma (rAjasika), and
│  6 to shiva (tAmasika)
│  There are also an equal number of secondary or upa-purANas,
│    plus innumerable sthaLa-purANas pertaining mainly to places of pilgrimage


├➤ Agama (Theological treatises and manuals of worship)
├──➤ vaiShNava Agama (Glorifying viShNu)
├──➤ shaiva Agama (Glorifying shiva)
├──➤ shakta Agama (Glorifying Shakti/Mother goddess)


├➤ darshana (Philosophical/Intellectual treatises)
├──➤ nyAya (of gautama)
├──➤ vaishEShika (of kanada)
├──➤ shAMkhya (of kapila)
├──➤ yOga (of patAMjali)
├──➤ pUrva mImAmsa (of jaimini)
├──➤ uttara mImAmsa (of bAdarAyaNa)


├➤ sUtra
├──➤ bhAShya (elaborate commentary)
├──➤ vRutti (short explanation)
├──➤ varttika (critical study of a bhAShya)
├──➤ vyAkhyAna (exposition)
└──➤ TippaNi (Short explanation, less formal than vRutti)



Time Calculation 
1 human year =1 dEva ahOrAtra (1 day + 1 night of the dEvas)
360 ahOrAtra  = 1 dEva vatsara
12000 dEva vatsara = 1 chaturyuga**
71 chaturyugas = 1 manvaMtara (lifetime of a manu)
14 manvaMtaras = 1 kalpa (half-day of brahma)
2 kalpas  = 1 brahma ahOrAtra
360 days of brahma  = 1 brahma varSha
100 brahma varsha = lifespan of brahma
A total of 14 manus and manvaMtaras are defined in paurANik lore:
├─➤ svayaMbhuva manu, yaj~Ja manvaMtara
├─➤ svarocisha manu, vibhu manvaMtara
├─➤ uttama manu, satyasEna manvaMtara
├─➤ tAmasa mana, hari manvaMtara
├─➤ raivata manu, vaikuMtha manvaMtara
├─➤ chakshusha manu, ajita manvaMtara
├─➤ vaivasvata manu, vAmana manvaMtara (Current manvaMtara)
├─➤ savarNi manu, sArvabhauma manvaMtara
├─➤ daksha-savarNi manu, rishabha manvaMtara
├─➤ brahma-savarNi manu, vishvakasEna manvaMtara
├─➤ dharma-savarNi manu, dharmasEtu manvaMtara
├─➤ rudra-savarNi manu, sudhAma manvaMtara
├─➤ dEva-savarNi manu, yOgEshvara manvaMtara
└─➤ iMdra-savarNi manu, bRuhadbhAnu manvaMtara]

** chaturyuga = 4800 dEva vatsara of kRuta yuga, 3600 of trEta, 2400 of dvApara and 1200 of kali yuga = 12000 dEva vatsaras

Note: AryabhaTa seems to corroborate this by saying:
4,320,000 revolutions of the sun [years] to a yuga (assumed chaturyuga)
From above: 12000 * 360 = 4,320,000